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Gymnopédies
The ''Gymnopédies'', published in Paris starting in 1888, are three piano compositions written by French composer and pianist Erik Satie.
==Music==
These short, atmospheric pieces are written in 3/4 time, with each sharing a common theme and structure. Collectively, the ''Gymnopédies'' are regarded as an important precursor to modern ambient music〔Mark Prendergast, ''The Ambient Century: From Mahler to Moby – The Evolution of Sound in the Electronic Age'', London: Bloomsbury, 2000, p. 6 ISBN 0-7475-5732-2〕gentle yet somewhat eccentric pieces which, when composed, defied the classical tradition. For instance, the first few bars of ''Gymnopédie No. 1'' consist of an alternating progression of two major seventh chords, the first on the subdominant, G, and the second on the tonic, D.
The melodies of the pieces use deliberate, but mild, dissonances against the harmony, producing a piquant, melancholy effect that matches the performance instructions, which are to play each piece "painfully", "sadly" or "gravely".〔Lent et douloureux translates to "slow and painful" – http://www.scribd.com/doc/6207518/Gymnopedie-No-1-Sheet-Music 〕
From the second half of the 20th century on, the ''Gymnopédies'' were often erroneously described as part of Satie's body of ''furniture music'', perhaps because of John Cage's interpretation of them.〔See for example (''Cage’s Place In the Reception of Satie'' by Matthew Shlomowitz (1999) ) on Niclas Fogwall's ''Erik Satie'' website.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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